A Comparison Primark Vs Woolworths Marketing Essay

A Comparison Primark Vs Woolworths Marketing Essay In this report, we aim to compare and contrast the strategic planning and moves of two retail giants- Primark from Ireland and Woolworths from United Kingdom. Since both deal in the same domain and merchandise, their operation, processes and strategies provide a solid and a relevant ground for conducting strategic management studies. This will help in not only applying the theoretical concepts to some practical entity, but also in honing the skills to adopt a visionary outlook to perform future strategic planning. An overview of Primark History- Primark Stores Ltd. is a clothing retail giant with its headquarters based in Dublin, Ireland (34 stores). Its operations extend to Netherlands (1 store), Spain (8 stores), Germany (2 stores), United Kingdom (125 stores) and Portugal. Primark trades under the name of Penneys in Ireland and the entire chain is an ancillary of Associated British Foods. Products- Primark operates majorly as a clothing retailer with apparels and garments for eve ry age, size and group. Being a subsidiary, its merchandise id specifically built and not sold at other retail counters. As such, it has been able to create a brand of its own in apparels and clothing items. Its brands include women wear, girls wear, footwear, baby wear, menswear- both formal and casual, clothing accessories, cosmetics, young and old boys wear, lingerie, cheap items, luggage, home items, night wear and beach wear also. In a nutshell, you can find garments and clothes for almost any occasion or moment. Departments- as a logical move, since Primark deals in such a huge variety of merchandise, it has different departments in place, all under separate supervision which shows the clarity of its strategy and controlling function. The departments in Primark Stores Ltd. are health and beauty, hosiery, footwear, home ware, gift wear, menswear, children wear, accessories, women wear and nightwear. In all, there is a separate department handling an individual set of apparels. Evolution- originally Primark was established as a clothing store by Arthur Ryan and Micaela Mitchell in 1969. With piling success in apparel business, registering huge profits and elated at elevated gross income levels, both the partners decided to expand and open up new stores in local and regional areas. The success mantra of Primark is catering to the budget end of the market segment. Their strategy is to provide fashion clothing at reasonable prices. Their apparel designs are simple, made on simple fabric but are branded as of high quality and to fashion conscious young individuals below the age of 35. Recognition- Primark has been ranked as the second largest clothing retailer by TNS in terms of sales volume and has also received the â€Å"Best Value High Street Fashion† by GMTV. Primark’s business structure and management Primark’s business structure embarks not only upon clothing but other apparel and clothing accessories, which in a sense adds on to the diversity of the retail store. Its store operations are simply and efficiently managed by a dedicated team of professionals. Each store is managed by a manager to control and oversee the business operations. There are different levels of hierarchy within store management where big stores have managers and small or medium ones have deputy or assistant manager. There are separate sales floor officers for looking after cashiers, customer’s desks and support teams.

THE AMERICAN AND BITISH RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE EGYPTION PRESDINT GAMAL Dissertation

THE AMERICAN AND BITISH RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE EGYPTION PRESDINT GAMAL ABDEL NASSE 1954-1970 - Dissertation Example Former Egyptian Deputy Prime Minister Boutros Boutros-Ghali served as Secretary General of the United Nations from 1991 to 1996. Egypt is a key partner in the search for peace in the Middle East and resolution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Sadat's groundbreaking trip to Israel in 1977, the 1978 Camp David Accords, and the 1979 Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty represented a fundamental shift in the politics of the region--from a strategy of confrontation to one of peace as a strategic choice. Egypt was subsequently ostracized by other Arab states and ejected from the Arab League from 1979 to 1989. Egypt played an important role in the negotiations leading to the Madrid Peace Conference in 1991, which, under U.S. and Russian sponsorship, brought together all parties in the region to discuss Middle East peace. This support has continued to the present, with President Mubarak often intervening personally to promote peace negotiations. In 1996, he hosted the Sharm El-Sheikh "Summit of the Peacemakers" attended by President Bill Clinton and other world leaders. In 2000, he hosted two summits at Sharm El-Sheikh and one at Taba in an effort to resume the Camp David negotiations suspended in July of 2000, and in June 2003, Mubarak hosted President George W. Bush for another summit on the Middle East peace process. Throughout mid-2004, Egypt worked closely with Israel and the Palestinian Authority to facilitate stability following Israel's withdrawal from Gaza, which occurred in August and September of 2005. Prior to this Egypt and Israel reached an agreement that allowed Egypt to deploy additional forces along the Philadelphi Corridor in an attempt to control the border and prevent the smuggling of weapons. Egypt played a key role during the 1990-91 Gulf crisis. President Mubarak helped assemble the international coalition and deployed 35,000 Egyptian troops against Iraq to liberate Kuwait. The Egyptian contingent was the third-largest in the coalition forces, after the U.S. and U.K. In the aftermath of the Gulf war, Egypt signed the Damascus declaration with Syria and the Gulf states to strengthen Gulf security. Egypt continues to contribute regularly to UN peacekeeping missions, most recently in East Timor, Sierra Leone, and Liberia. In August 2004, Egypt was actively engaged in seeking a solution to the crisis in the Darfur region of Sudan, including the dispatch of military monitors. Following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States, Egypt, which has itself been the target of terrorist attacks, has been a key supporter of U.S. efforts against terrorists and terrorist organizations such as Osama bin Ladin and al-Qaeda, and actively supported the Iraqi Governing Council, as well as the subsequent government of Prime Minister Allawi. In July 2005, terrorists attacked the Egyptian city of Sharm El Sheikh. In the same month, Egypt's envoy to Iraq was assassinated. U.S.-EGYPTIAN RELATIONS The United States and Egypt enjoy a str ong and friendly relationship based on shared mutual interest in Middle East peace and stability, revitalizing the Egyptian economy and strengthening trade relations, and promoting regional security. Over the years, Egypt and the United States have worked together assiduously to expand Middle East peace negotiations, hosting talks, negotiations, and the Middle

Places-in the Bay Area Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Places-in the Bay Area - Research Paper Example Places too can be defined by nature of their occurrence, the people residing in them or the biology of the area which is inclusive of flora and fauna. Commerce and business are too ways of defining a place, while cultural reference gives an area its originality and unique features. The candid manner in which a place is defined determines the understandability of the place by the intended audience. In defining a place, various elements are put into consideration. Therefore, this paper while seeking to define The Bay Area, will address the cultural, social, geological and biological history of the place. In essence, how the place came into existence is important in understanding the kind of flora and fauna. Moreover, its location in the map helps to define the place by the very nature of its placement. In conclusion, the essay will give the full picture and relative understanding of Bay Area of San Francisco. The Bay Area of San Francisco is located in the northern region of California . The geographically diverse region, rich in business is extensively a metropolitan place, offering home to a staggering 8 million inhabitants. In the Bay Area, cities such as San Francisco, occupying the most part of the region, Oakland and San Jose contribute to its huge population and rich commerce industry. However, what puts Bay Area on the financial map and at the same time giving increasingly winning it popularity is its lifestyle, liberal nature of its politics and the high-tech industry. Hosting the famous Silicon Valley, the Bay Area has been the center of attraction for investors and technology experts. Moreover, the area is an attraction site, owing to its rich culture. The geography of the area, defined in the simplest language as easy to understand makes it easy for new visitors to trace their location. Some geographers hold that although many people find the area to be as big and very confusing, the reality is quite opposite. The complexity of its nature makes the who le picture understandable, yet it is a small and compact place. Barringer and Ryan (Web) points out that by the fact that the life of the city resonates in various levels, the city life is morally binding to the people. In defining San Francisco Barringer and Ryan â€Å"It has spectacular landscapes, it is prone to earthquakes, it is a coastal town with a thriving gay culture†Ã‚  (Web). Surprisingly, a number of cities of the Bay Area are thronged with the gay culture, a recent development in its moral culture that has exploded among the youth. People generally listen to rock music, with night clubs and blaring music filling the nights of the cities. These are the kinds of images triggered by the mention of San Francisco to any individual who has ever set foot in the area. The bay area has a rich history, dating to thousands of years ago. Geologists trace the origin of the bay area to melting of ice bergs. Estimated to date back 12,000 years ago, the melting of the ice raised the sea level. Subsequently, this brought into existence the San Francisco bay. Without any known economic importance, the bay remained unknown, with only about 20,000 Native Americans residing in villages formed in the area in the 1700s. what was an unknown region started receiving quite some attention in the year 1776, when a Spanish expedition led by Anza established a presidio right in front of the entrance to the then San Francisco Bay. Such visits

Forces Driving the Globalisation Process Research Paper

Forces Driving the Globalisation Process - Research Paper Example Today, organizations can only ignore the rest of the world at their own peril due to the heightened competition both within and beyond their countries of origin. Operational and competitive strategies of businesses have to factor the globalization aspect more than ever before. Globalization, therefore, requires firms to keep abreast what their competitors are doing, where they are located and which economic, socio-political and technological developments are happening in these locations. Multinational businesses have been facing challenges in their endeavor to venture into various markets worldwide which are slowing down their prospects and the general speed of globalization. This paper will look into the forces driving globalization and explain some of the challenges that globalization presents to multinational businesses. Forces Driving the Globalisation Process Manufacturers and service providers have revolutionized the global market environment in the last 3 decades. This has bee n facilitated by the fact that organizations have increasingly formed joint ventures and strategic alliances and established foreign subsidiaries. These actions create the concept of process in globalization since a bigger picture is created which facilitates the movement of products and services to markets all over the world. It is therefore important to identify the various forces that drive globalization. Capital markets liberalization For globalization to spread there is need to have the free flow of investment beyond the confines of one country or region. Digitization of capital offered this opportunity although many countries that adopted it faced numerous start-up challenges. Many Asian countries are among the affected especially in the late 1990s. A serious financial and market crisis ensued in Russia and Argentina in the early 2000s and at this point, the IMF was blamed for having faulty policies (Tallman 2010). Those against liberalization argued that speculators were to t ake advantage of and affect cross country movements. In this respect, certain taxes were proposed for example the Chilean and Tobin taxes control the extent of speculation (Tallman 2010). As much as it is true that liberalization had its shortcomings and that some nations felt it harder than others, its benefits far outweigh its initial setbacks. One such benefit is the easy access to funds for SMEs and entrepreneurs. It is also true that in many countries banks and financial structures are largely government controlled. However, these governments have been relaxing their muscles due to pressure from inter-country competition in attracting foreign investment. As a result,  capital markets have been progressively liberalized so as to attract investment and interlink financial markets. The risk though of these practices is currency fluctuations e.g. the dollar as the case is today with the looming crisis in the Middle East and North Africa particularly Libya which is a major oil exp orter.

Review the current and potential future treatments for Parkinsons Essay

Review the current and potential future treatments for Parkinsons Disease - Essay Example It is the second most common neurgenerative disorder that affects about 1 million people in America and about 50,000 people in United Kingdom (Jankovic, 2007). The disease is characterized by a gradual loss of the muscular functioning and controlling, resulting in trembling limbs, stiffness and impairment balance. In other words, the disease causes the disorder of movement, motor weakness, spasticity, sensory loss, and cerebellar ataxia (Waters, 2008). It causes slowness of the movement or abnormal involuntary movement (dyskinesia) such as, tremor, chorea, mycolonus, tics and dystopian (Driver-Dunckley et al., 2003). The disease immensely affects sub cortical brain structures (basal ganglia) causing movement disorders. Parkinson’s disease results from the malfunction and the death of the nerve muscle of the brain cells called neurons. It affects neurons present in the substantia nigra. This part of brain controls the movement and coordination of the body part with the brain (C haudhuri & Tolosa, 2009). Parkinson’s disease affects substantia nigra, eventually decrease production of dopamine in the brain causing individuals to lose control the movement normally (Olanow & Koller, 1998). Symptoms of Parkinson’s disease are classified as Primary symptoms that are related to involuntary and voluntary motor functions usually occur on one side of the body. When the symptoms of the Parkinson appear they are mild that eventually progress with the time (Chaudhuri & Tolosa, 2009). According to the study of Waters (2008), by the time the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease appear, individuals would have already lost about 60 to 80 percent of the dopamine cells (cells that regulate and control the movement). The secondary symptoms appear when the Parkinson’s disease becomes progressive causing the loss and control of the body movement and damage of brain cell (Waters, 2008). The following is the list of

Legalizing Marijuana Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Legalizing Marijuana - Essay Example For the last 10 years, there has been an on going debate that whether marijuana should be legalized or not in USA. It has become a countrywide debate, but still there is no conclusion drawn that whether the drug is significant or not in use and adaptation. The issue is common but still found in debate and more discussion (Hanson & Venturelli, 2012). I being the speaker of my audience will present the information regarding marijuana’s purposive use and legalization. I will be putting a light on controversies prevailing in the aspect of marijuana legalization. The common perception regarding Marijuana use is that it is a drug, which carries more negative influences than positive for the society. Marijuana is highly influential for the young segment of the society is what the Institute of Drug Abuse asserts in its recent survey (Tate, 2013). The Drug Policy Alliance claims that 90 million Americans of the total country’s population try marijuana once in the lifetime. Moreover, organizations such as the Institute of Drug Abuse and the Drug Policy Alliance depict that violence or psychosis are some behaviors related to Marijuana use and adaptation. These are some negative impressions which people keep about marijuana and its legalization in the country (Steve, 2011). There is another positive side of the perception, which says that marijuana is a productive drug. It is a drug that not only is required in medical treatments but also a drug that can add efficiently to the economy of the country (Caulkins, 2012). According to the contemporary literature, marijuana is the oldest and most significant drug used in the human civilization. Marijuana has been in adaptive use of the western civilization, since the early nineteenth century when it got named as western medicine (Cheryl, 2009). Most of the health institutions like the Institute of Drug Abuse claim that marijuana carries a lot of health risks and therefore

English as a Second Language for Adult Immigrants (The Domain is Adult Term Paper

English as a Second Language for Adult Immigrants (The Domain is Adult Education) - Term Paper Example With the increasing number of adult immigrants in the USA and Canada, English language becomes a significant issue for people. Immigrants need to adjust with the foreign cultural environment and with the common language i.e. English. The major dispute concerning the English language within immigrants is that it creates verbal obstructions as well as misinterpretations, and can harm the effective communication within organizations (Charlotte Mecklenburg, 2002). Literature Review According to Burt (2004), knowledge and fluency in English is explicitly connected with financial self-sufficiency. Immigrants who are literate in languages except English are more probable to have temporary work and get less income as compared to those who are well-educated in English and have English as first language. Several surveys on the immigrants’ income in the USA depict that there is positive relations between English learning capabilities and salaries of immigrants. This is one of the major reasons that immigrants want expertise in English language both in speaking as well as in writing. Providing â€Å"English as Second Language (ESL)† lessons to immigrants is a useful method to resolve the English communication problem in the workplace. However, it can be observed that companies are reluctant about providing ESL lessons due to problems with regard to planning, expense, and a sense that providing ESL lessons are not their duty (Burt, 2004). ... ing citizenship, the demand of â€Å"English for Speakers of Other Language† (ESOL) in Canada and the USA is increasing constantly, and it is considered as one of the fastest growing constituents for adult education. The admission for English education is also inclined by the way of â€Å"Immigration Reform and Control Act† (IRCA) in the year 1986. Presently, the population assisted by English learning programs has changed significantly. The immigrant populations of the USA and Canada in present days are much different than past days with respect to size, origin and financial status. According to a Census survey in the year 2000, the number of Hispanic population was more than 58% compared to 1990. In order to fulfill the emerging requirements of English education for the immigrant population, huge numbers of qualified teachers are required. ESOL classes are often organized to accommodate for initial, transitional, and advanced level of expertise. On the basis of resour ces of organizations and requirements of students, different approaches, practices and technologies are used in ESL training. The major objective of ESL programs is to assist adult immigrants in accomplishing competency in English language. Majority of classes are developed on the basis of students’ needs and benefits, for instance, the ESOL classes can be aimed towards adult learners who have arrived in Canada or in the USA, and therefore include survival as well as life skills training in their programs. Other classes may incorporate ESOL guidelines with professional education and family knowledge, as well as citizenship and academic training. The governments always help immigrant learners to obtain necessary skills and knowledge so that they can become active performers in workplace and in society